These typically include:

Providing
some financial recompense if your trip is
cancelled or curtailed due to circumstances
beyond your control, Medical emergency and/or
repatriation expenses if you are ill or
injured.

Loss
or damage to your personal possessions, Loss
or theft of money.

Expenses
incurred due to a delayed departure.

Expenses
incurred replacing a lost passport.

Legal
expenses and personal liability cover in the
case of an accident where you cause injury
or damage to a third party or their
property.

Compensation
if you suffer permanent disability or
death whilst on holiday.
Often these areas of cover are subject to
specified limits and excesses, so you will
need to read your policy document carefully to
check how much you are covered for, what and
if any excess you would need to pay in the
event of a claim.